How to password-protect directories with Apache on Rocky Linux 8.6
To password protect directories with Apache on Rocky Linux 8.6
Introduction:
Apache is the most commonly used web server on Linux systems. Web servers are used to allow Web pages requested by client computers. The htpasswd command will allow us to create a password file that Apache can use to authenticate users.
Installation Procedure :
STep 1 : check the OS version by using the following command
[root@linuxhelp ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Rocky Linux"
VERSION="8.6 (Green Obsidian)"
ID="rocky"
ID_LIKE="rhel centos fedora"
VERSION_ID="8.6"
PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
PRETTY_NAME="Rocky Linux 8.6 (Green Obsidian)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:rocky:rocky:8:GA"
HOME_URL="https://rockylinux.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.rockylinux.org/"
ROCKY_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Rocky Linux"
ROCKY_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="8"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Rocky Linux"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="8"
Step 2 : Install apache package by using the following command
[root@linuxhelp ~]# yum install httpd*
Rocky Linux 8 - AppStream 5.0 kB/s | 4.8 kB 00:00
Rocky Linux 8 - AppStream 3.7 MB/s | 11 MB 00:03
Rocky Linux 8 - BaseOS 4.9 kB/s | 4.3 kB 00:00
Rocky Linux 8 - BaseOS 6.6 MB/s | 9.0 MB 00:01
Rocky Linux 8 - Extras 3.7 kB/s | 3.5 kB 00:00
Rocky Linux 8 - Extras 13 kB/s | 12 kB 00:00
Dependencies resolved.
====================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================
Installing:
httpd x86_64 2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2 appstream 1.4 M
httpd-devel x86_64 2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2 appstream 223 k
httpd-filesystem noarch 2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2 appstream 40 k
httpd-manual noarch 2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2 appstream 2.4 M
httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2 appstream 107 k
Installing dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.6.3-12.el8 appstream 128 k
apr-devel x86_64 1.6.3-12.el8 appstream 245 k
apr-util x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8.1 appstream 104 k
apr-util-devel x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8.1 appstream 85 k
cyrus-sasl-devel x86_64 2.1.27-6.el8_5 baseos 127 k
expat-devel x86_64 2.2.5-8.el8_6.2 baseos 56 k
libdb-devel x86_64 5.3.28-42.el8_4 appstream 46 k
mod_http2 x86_64 1.15.7-5.module+el8.6.0+823+f143cee1 appstream 153 k
openldap-devel x86_64 2.4.46-18.el8 baseos 810 k
rocky-logos-httpd noarch 86.2-1.el8 baseos 24 k
Installing weak dependencies:
apr-util-bdb x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8.1 appstream 23 k
apr-util-openssl x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8.1 appstream 26 k
Enabling module streams:
httpd 2.4
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================
Install 17 Packages
Total download size: 5.9 M
Installed size: 19 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/17): apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64.rpm 571 kB/s | 128 kB 00:00
(2/17): apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64.rpm 459 kB/s | 104 kB 00:00
(3/17): apr-devel-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64.rpm 935 kB/s | 245 kB 00:00
(4/17): apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64.rpm 588 kB/s | 23 kB 00:00
(5/17): apr-util-devel-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64.rpm 1.7 MB/s | 85 kB 00:00
(6/17): apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64.rpm 605 kB/s | 26 kB 00:00
(7/17): httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.no 1.2 MB/s | 40 kB 00:00
(8/17): httpd-devel-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64. 2.6 MB/s | 223 kB 00:00
(9/17): httpd-tools-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64. 2.2 MB/s | 107 kB 00:00
(10/17): httpd-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64.rpm 9.0 MB/s | 1.4 MB 00:00
(11/17): libdb-devel-5.3.28-42.el8_4.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 46 kB 00:00
(12/17): mod_http2-1.15.7-5.module+el8.6.0+823+f143cee1.x86_64.rpm 3.8 MB/s | 153 kB 00:00
(13/17): httpd-manual-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.noarc 15 MB/s | 2.4 MB 00:00
(14/17): cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.27-6.el8_5.x86_64.rpm 2.0 MB/s | 127 kB 00:00
(15/17): expat-devel-2.2.5-8.el8_6.2.x86_64.rpm 1.3 MB/s | 56 kB 00:00
(16/17): rocky-logos-httpd-86.2-1.el8.noarch.rpm 724 kB/s | 24 kB 00:00
(17/17): openldap-devel-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64.rpm 17 MB/s | 810 kB 00:00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 2.9 MB/s | 5.9 MB 00:02
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 1/17
Running scriptlet: apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 1/17
Installing : apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64 2/17
Installing : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64 3/17
Installing : apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64 4/17
Running scriptlet: apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64 4/17
Installing : apr-devel-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 5/17
Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64 6/17
Installing : rocky-logos-httpd-86.2-1.el8.noarch 7/17
Installing : expat-devel-2.2.5-8.el8_6.2.x86_64 8/17
Installing : cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.27-6.el8_5.x86_64 9/17
Installing : openldap-devel-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64 10/17
Installing : libdb-devel-5.3.28-42.el8_4.x86_64 11/17
Installing : apr-util-devel-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64 12/17
Running scriptlet: httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.noarch 13/17
Installing : httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.noarch 13/17
Installing : mod_http2-1.15.7-5.module+el8.6.0+823+f143cee1.x86_64 14/17
Installing : httpd-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64 15/17
Running scriptlet: httpd-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64 15/17
Installing : httpd-devel-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64 16/17
Installing : httpd-manual-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.noarch 17/17
Running scriptlet: httpd-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64 17/17
Running scriptlet: httpd-manual-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.noarch 17/17
Verifying : apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 1/17
Verifying : apr-devel-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 2/17
Verifying : apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64 3/17
Verifying : apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64 4/17
Verifying : apr-util-devel-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64 5/17
Verifying : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64 6/17
Verifying : httpd-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64 7/17
Verifying : httpd-devel-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64 8/17
Verifying : httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.noarch 9/17
Verifying : httpd-manual-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.noarch 10/17
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64 11/17
Verifying : libdb-devel-5.3.28-42.el8_4.x86_64 12/17
Verifying : mod_http2-1.15.7-5.module+el8.6.0+823+f143cee1.x86_64 13/17
Verifying : cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.27-6.el8_5.x86_64 14/17
Verifying : expat-devel-2.2.5-8.el8_6.2.x86_64 15/17
Verifying : openldap-devel-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64 16/17
Verifying : rocky-logos-httpd-86.2-1.el8.noarch 17/17
Installed:
apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64
apr-devel-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64
apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64
apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64
apr-util-devel-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64
apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.1.x86_64
cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.27-6.el8_5.x86_64
expat-devel-2.2.5-8.el8_6.2.x86_64
httpd-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64
httpd-devel-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64
httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.noarch
httpd-manual-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.noarch
httpd-tools-2.4.37-47.module+el8.6.0+985+b8ff6398.2.x86_64
libdb-devel-5.3.28-42.el8_4.x86_64
mod_http2-1.15.7-5.module+el8.6.0+823+f143cee1.x86_64
openldap-devel-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64
rocky-logos-httpd-86.2-1.el8.noarch
Complete!
Step 3 : Enable the apache service by using the below command
[root@linuxhelp ~]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
Step 4 : Start the apache service by using the below command
[root@linuxhelp ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
Step 5 : get into the apache root directory
[root@linuxhelp ~]# cd /var/www/html/
Step 6 : create reserved directory and get into that directory
[root@linuxhelp html]# mkdir reserved && cd reserved
Step 7 : edit the index.html file
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# vim index.html
Step 8 : Set password for the user1
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/.htpasswd user1
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user user1
Step 9 : edit the test virtual host configuration
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/test.conf
Step 10 : edit the htaccess file by seeing the below process
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# vim .htacess
Step 11 : Restart the apache service by running the below command
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# systemctl restart httpd.service
Conclusion :
We have reached the end of this article. In this guide, we have walked you through the steps required to password-protect directories with Apache on Rocky Linux 8.6. Your feedback is much welcome.
Q
How do I remove a user from htpasswd?
A
To remove a user: Just open the password file using nano or vim and simply remove the user line that you want to delete...
Q
Is .htaccess necessary?
A
htaccess is not required for having a general website
Q
Why is .htaccess not working?
A
Improper syntax being used
Q
Is htpasswd secure?
A
htpasswd is actually yielding a screen for your username and password, it is secure.
http://localhost/ Apache should respond with a welcome page and you should see "It Works!"