How to create password protect directories with Apache on Oracle Linux 8.8
To Create Password Protect Directories With Apache On Oracle Linux 8.8
Introduction:
Apache is the most commonly used Web server on Linux systems. Web servers are used to help Web pages requested by client computers. The htpasswd command will allow us to create a password file that Apache can use to authenticate users.
Creation Steps:
Step 1: Check the Oracle Linux Version by using the below command
[root@linuxhelp ~]#cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Oracle Linux Server"
VERSION="8.8"
ID="ol"
ID_LIKE="fedora"
VARIANT="Server"
VARIANT_ID="server"
VERSION_ID="8.8"
PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
PRETTY_NAME="Oracle Linux Server 8.8"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:oracle:linux:8:8:server"
HOME_URL="https://linux.oracle.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://github.com/oracle/oracle-linux"
ORACLE_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Oracle Linux 8"
ORACLE_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=8.8
ORACLE_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Oracle Linux"
ORACLE_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION=8.8
Step 2: Install Apache by using the below command
[root@linuxhelp ~]# dnf install httpd* -y
Oracle Linux 8 BaseOS Latest (x86_64) 22 kB/s | 3.6 kB 00:00
Oracle Linux 8 BaseOS Latest (x86_64) 20 MB/s | 62 MB 00:03
Oracle Linux 8 Application Stream (x86_64) 36 kB/s | 3.9 kB 00:00
Oracle Linux 8 Application Stream (x86_64) 22 MB/s | 48 MB 00:02
Latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 7 32 kB/s | 3.0 kB 00:00
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:01 ago on Monday 21 August 2023 12:46:33 AM IST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
httpd x86_64 2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6
ol8_appstream 1.4 M
httpd-devel x86_64 2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6
ol8_appstream 226 k
httpd-filesystem noarch 2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6
ol8_appstream 43 k
httpd-manual noarch 2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6
ol8_appstream 2.4 M
httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6
ol8_appstream 110 k
Installing dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.6.3-12.el8 ol8_appstream 129 k
apr-devel x86_64 1.6.3-12.el8 ol8_appstream 246 k
apr-util x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8_8.1 ol8_appstream 105 k
apr-util-devel x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8_8.1 ol8_appstream 86 k
cyrus-sasl-devel x86_64 2.1.27-6.el8_5 ol8_baseos_latest 128 k
expat-devel x86_64 2.2.5-11.0.1.el8 ol8_baseos_latest 57 k
libdb-devel x86_64 5.3.28-42.el8_4 ol8_appstream 47 k
mod_http2 x86_64 1.15.7-8.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.3
ol8_appstream 155 k
openldap-devel x86_64 2.4.46-18.el8 ol8_baseos_latest 811 k
oracle-logos-httpd noarch 84.5-1.0.1.el8 ol8_baseos_latest 29 k
Installing weak dependencies:
apr-util-bdb x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8_8.1 ol8_appstream 25 k
apr-util-openssl x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8_8.1 ol8_appstream 27 k
Enabling module streams:
httpd 2.4
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 17 Packages
Total download size: 6.0 M
Installed size: 19 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/17): expat-devel-2.2.5-11.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm 359 kB/s | 57 kB 00:00
(2/17): oracle-logos-httpd-84.5-1.0.1.el8.noarc 965 kB/s | 29 kB 00:00
(3/17): cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.27-6.el8_5.x86_64. 532 kB/s | 128 kB 00:00
(4/17): apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 129 kB 00:00
(5/17): openldap-devel-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.7 MB/s | 811 kB 00:00
(6/17): apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64.rpm 2.5 MB/s | 105 kB 00:00
(7/17): apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64.rpm 978 kB/s | 25 kB 00:00
(8/17): apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 918 kB/s | 27 kB 00:00
(9/17): apr-devel-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 246 kB 00:00
(10/17): httpd-devel-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8 3.7 MB/s | 226 kB 00:00
(11/17): httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+ 1.2 MB/s | 43 kB 00:00
(12/17): httpd-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+210 11 MB/s | 1.4 MB 00:00
(13/17): httpd-tools-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8 1.8 MB/s | 110 kB 00:00
(14/17): httpd-manual-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8. 13 MB/s | 2.4 MB 00:00
(15/17): libdb-devel-5.3.28-42.el8_4.x86_64.rpm 440 kB/s | 47 kB 00:00
(16/17): mod_http2-1.15.7-8.module+el8.8.0+2105 3.8 MB/s | 155 kB 00:00
(17/17): apr-util-devel-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64. 20 kB/s | 86 kB 00:04
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.3 MB/s | 6.0 MB 00:04
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 1/17
Running scriptlet: apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 1/17
Installing : apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 2/17
Installing : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 3/17
Installing : apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 4/17
Running scriptlet: apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 4/17
Installing : apr-devel-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 5/17
Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+136 6/17
Installing : libdb-devel-5.3.28-42.el8_4.x86_64 7/17
Running scriptlet: httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+2105 8/17
Installing : httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+2105 8/17
Installing : oracle-logos-httpd-84.5-1.0.1.el8.noarch 9/17
Installing : mod_http2-1.15.7-8.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.3 10/17
Installing : httpd-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee. 11/17
Running scriptlet: httpd-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee. 11/17
Installing : expat-devel-2.2.5-11.0.1.el8.x86_64 12/17
Installing : cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.27-6.el8_5.x86_64 13/17
Installing : openldap-devel-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64 14/17
Installing : apr-util-devel-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 15/17
Installing : httpd-devel-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+136 16/17
Installing : httpd-manual-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13 17/17
Running scriptlet: httpd-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee. 17/17
Running scriptlet: httpd-manual-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13 17/17
Verifying : cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.27-6.el8_5.x86_64 1/17
Verifying : expat-devel-2.2.5-11.0.1.el8.x86_64 2/17
Verifying : openldap-devel-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64 3/17
Verifying : oracle-logos-httpd-84.5-1.0.1.el8.noarch 4/17
Verifying : apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 5/17
Verifying : apr-devel-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64 6/17
Verifying : apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 7/17
Verifying : apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 8/17
Verifying : apr-util-devel-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 9/17
Verifying : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64 10/17
Verifying : httpd-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee. 11/17
Verifying : httpd-devel-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+136 12/17
Verifying : httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+2105 13/17
Verifying : httpd-manual-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13 14/17
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+136 15/17
Verifying : libdb-devel-5.3.28-42.el8_4.x86_64 16/17
Verifying : mod_http2-1.15.7-8.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.3 17/17
Installed:
apr-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64
apr-devel-1.6.3-12.el8.x86_64
apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64
apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64
apr-util-devel-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64
apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8_8.1.x86_64
cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.27-6.el8_5.x86_64
expat-devel-2.2.5-11.0.1.el8.x86_64
httpd-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6.x86_64
httpd-devel-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6.x86_64
httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6.noarch
httpd-manual-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6.noarch
httpd-tools-2.4.37-56.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.6.x86_64
libdb-devel-5.3.28-42.el8_4.x86_64
mod_http2-1.15.7-8.module+el8.8.0+21057+13668aee.3.x86_64
openldap-devel-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64
oracle-logos-httpd-84.5-1.0.1.el8.noarch
Complete!
Step 3: Using terminal move to the Apache DocumentRoot with the below command
[root@linuxhelp ~]# cd /var/www/html
Step 4: Create the "reserved" folder and go inside by using the below command
[root@linuxhelp html]# mkdir reserved && cd reserved
Step 5: Use the vim editor to create the index.html file
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# vim index.html
Step 6: Paste this sample content for the reserved area into the html file. Save the file
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<h2>Reserved Area</h2>
<b>Welcome!</b>
</body>
</html>
Step 7: Create the htpasswd file with the authentication data, then use the htpasswd command to create authentication credentials by using the below command.
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# sudo htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/.htpasswd user1
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# passwd user1
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user user1
Step 8: Configure Apache to restrict access to the directory only to users entered in the .htpasswd file. To do so, create a configuration file in the following location and paste the below content.
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/test.conf
<Directory "/var/www/html/reserved">
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Restricted Content"
AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/.htpasswd
Require valid-user
</Directory>
Step 9: Then, go to the "reserved" folder and create the ".htaccess" file and paste the below content
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# vim .htaccess
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Restricted Content"
AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/.htpasswd
Require valid-user
Step 10: Restart the Apache service by using the below command
[root@linuxhelp reserved]# systemctl restart httpd
Step 11: To verify that the reserved area has been correctly configured, browse to the corresponding internet address, that is, http: //IP.SERVER/reserved.
Step 12: A message requesting to enter the previously created credentials will appear. In case of correct credentials, the reserved area will be shown.
Conclusion:
We have reached the end of this article. In this guide, we have walked you through the steps required to create password protect directories with Apache on Oracle Linux 8.8. Your feedback is much welcome.
Q
How do I access the Apache server?
A
To connect to the server and access the default page, launch a browser and enter this URL:http://localhost/ Apache should respond with a welcome page and you should see "It Works!"
Q
How do I remove a user from htpasswd?
A
To remove a user: Just open the password file using nano or vim and simply remove the user line that you want to delete.
Q
Is .htaccess necessary?
A
htaccess is not required for having a general website
Q
Why is .htaccess not working?
A
Improper syntax being used
Q
Is htpasswd secure?
A
htpasswd is actually yielding a screen for your username and password, it is secure.